TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2020//
TI  - Deer damage: a review of repellents to reduce impacts worldwide
JO  - Journal of environmental management
A1  - Guerisoli, María de Las Mercedes
A1  - Pereira, Javier A.
SP  - e110977
EP  - e110977
VL  - 271
IS  - 
N2  - Mammal herbivores, and specially deer, can cause severe damages to agriculture, producing economic losses. Repellents based on odor, visual and/or taste stimuli have been tested to minimize these damages, but their global effectiveness has not been quantified. A systematic literature review on the use of repellents to reduce damage by deer was carried out, and an evaluation of the effectiveness of different repellents and application methods was performed. A Beta regression was employed considering the percentage of vegetation unbrowsed at the end of the essay as the response variable. A total of 246 essays testing ten different repellents and 236 essays testing four different application methods were extracted from 58 articles. Odor-based repellents, such as those including "meat and blood" and "urine, hair and feces of predators", were found to be the most effective to reduce damage. Non-lethal methods, such as repellents, could be valuable tools to manage this human-wildlife conflict.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0301-4797
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110977
ID  - ref1
ER  -