TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2020//
TI  - Racial and ethnic differences in alcohol-, opioid-, and co-use-related deaths in  Washington State from 2011 to 2017
JO  - Addictive behaviors reports
A1  - Oluwoye, Oladunni
A1  - Kriegel, Liat S.
A1  - Alcover, Karl C.
A1  - Hirchak, Katherine
A1  - Amiri, Solmaz
SP  - e100316
EP  - e100316
VL  - 12
IS  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Few studies exist examining alcohol and opioid co-use mortality rates  among racially and ethnically diverse communities, presenting a critical gap in  understanding the contribution of alcohol on opioid-related deaths and strategies  for prevention. The purpose of the study was to assess whether alcohol and  opioid-related deaths differ by race/ethnicity subgroups and if there has been an  increase in alcohol and opioid-related deaths between 2011 and 2017. <br><br>DESIGN:  Secondary data analysis of publicly available alcohol and opioid mortality data  among non-Hispanic Whites, Black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American  Indian/Alaska Native individuals in Washington State. MEASUREMENTS: The primary  outcomes were alcohol-only, opioid-only, and alcohol-opioid co-use mortality,  2011-2017. Alcohol and/or opioid-related deaths were assigned an International  Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) code for  the underlying or multiple cause of death. <br><br>FINDINGS: Between 2011 and 2017,  alcohol-only mortality rates increased among non-Hispanic White (P = 0.003) and  Hispanic individuals (P = 0.008). Opioid-only mortality rates increased among  American Indian/Alaska Native (P = 0.004) and Hispanic individuals (P = <0.001). American Indian/Alaska Native individuals had the highest alcohol-only, opioid-only,  and co-use-related mortality rates when looking at between-group incidence rates. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Although the opioid epidemic has been characterized as a public health  crisis that predominantly impacts non-Hispanic White individuals, racial and ethnic  minorities are increasingly impacted by fatal and non-fatal overdose related to  co-occurring substance use. Our findings using data from Washington State, align  with existing data and signal a dire need to address alcohol and opioid misuse  through targeted interventions to prevent overdose and poisoning, with special  considerations for American Indian/Alaska Native communities.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2352-8532
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100316
ID  - ref1
ER  -