TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2021//
TI  - Health-promoting behaviours and concussion history are associated with cognitive function, mood-related symptoms and emotional-behavioural dyscontrol in former NFL  players: an NFL-LONG Study
JO  - British journal of sports medicine
A1  - McCrea, Michael
A1  - Echemendia, Ruben J.
A1  - Stoner, Lee
A1  - Smith-Ryan, Abbie E.
A1  - DeFreese, J. D.
A1  - Chandran, Avinash
A1  - Brett, Benjamin L.
A1  - Kerr, Zachary Y.
A1  - Walton, Samuel R.
A1  - Guskiewicz, Kevin M.
A1  - Meehan Iii, William P.
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationships among self-reported sport-related concussion (SRC) history and current health-promoting behaviours (exercise  frequency, diet quality and sleep duration) with self-reported measures of brain  health (cognitive function, symptoms of depression and anxiety and  emotional-behavioural dyscontrol) in former NFL players. <br><br>METHODS: In this  cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was sent to former NFL players. Respondents  reported SRC history (categorical: 0; 1-2; 3-5; 6-9; 10+ concussions), number of  moderate-to-vigorous aerobic and resistance exercise sessions per week, diet quality  (Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants-Shortened) and average nightly sleep  duration. Outcomes were Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System  Cognitive Function, Depression, and Anxiety, and Neuro-QoL Emotional-Behavioral  Dyscontrol domain T-scores. Multivariable linear regression models were fit for each  outcome with SRC history, exercise frequency, diet quality and sleep duration as  explanatory variables alongside select covariates. <br><br>RESULTS: Multivariable regression  models (n=1784) explained approximately 33%-38% of the variance in each outcome. For  all outcomes, SRC history (0.144≤|β|≤0.217) was associated with poorer functioning,  while exercise frequency (0.064≤|β|≤0.088) and diet quality (0.057≤|β|≤0.086) were  associated with better functioning. Sleeping under 6 hours per night  (0.061≤|β|≤0.093) was associated with worse depressive symptoms, anxiety and  emotional-behavioural dyscontrol. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Several variables appear to be  associated with mood and perceived cognitive function in former NFL players. SRC  history is non-modifiable in former athletes; however, the effects of increasing  postplaying career exercise frequency, making dietary improvements, and obtaining  adequate sleep represent important potential opportunities for preventative and  therapeutic interventions.    Keywords: American football <p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0306-3674
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-103400
ID  - ref1
ER  -