TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2021//
TI  - A meta-analysis of the n-back task while driving and its effects on cognitive workload
JO  - Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour
A1  - von Janczewski, Nikolai
A1  - Krauß, Lutz
A1  - Baumann, Martin
A1  - Engeln, Arnd
A1  - Wittmann, Jennifer
SP  - 269
EP  - 285
VL  - 76
IS  - 
N2  - This study investigates the effect of the n-back task on cognitive workload while driving. <br><br>RESULTS of 20 studies with over 800 participants in total show a moderate to high mean effect size. That means the n-back task varies cognitive load while driving in a substantial matter. Further analysis reveals several moderator variables: experiments conducted in a driving simulator showed larger effect sizes than on-road studies. This effect decreases with increasing driving simulator fidelity. Furthermore, the specific driving task assignment moderates the effect: lane change task scenarios result in higher effects than other situations. Regarding the different measurement methods of cognitive workload, subjective questionnaires seem to have very high sensitivity. In contrast, n-back performance measures, detection response task measures, and physiological measurements result in moderate effect sizes, and driving performance measures show reduced sensitivity. Regarding different implementations of the n-back task itself, surprisingly, no moderators are found. Overall, the findings highlight the suitability of the n-back task as a method of inducing cognitive load in transportation research. The moderator analysis gives an overview of different methodological designs and how these designs will affect effect sizes.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1369-8478
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2020.11.014
ID  - ref1
ER  -