TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2021//
TI  - Vulnerable road users and the coming wave of automated vehicles: expert perspectives
JO  - Transportation research interdisciplinary perspectives
A1  - Tabone, Wilbert
A1  - de Winter, Joost
A1  - Ackermann, Claudia
A1  - Bärgman, Jonas
A1  - Baumann, Martin
A1  - Deb, Shuchisnigdha
A1  - Emmenegger, Colleen
A1  - Habibovic, Azra
A1  - Hagenzieker, Marjan
A1  - Hancock, P. A.
A1  - Happee, Riender
A1  - Krems, Josef
A1  - Lee, John D.
A1  - Martens, Marieke
A1  - Merat, Natasha
A1  - Norman, Don
A1  - Sheridan, Thomas B.
A1  - Stanton, Neville A.
SP  - e100293
EP  - e100293
VL  - 9
IS  - 
N2  - Automated driving research over the past decades has mostly focused on highway environments. Recent technological developments have drawn researchers and manufacturers to look ahead at introducing automated driving in cities. The current position paper examines this challenge from the viewpoint of scientific experts. Sixteen Human Factors researchers were interviewed about their personal perspectives on automated vehicles (AVs) and the interaction with VRUs in the future urban environment. Aspects such as smart infrastructure, external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs), and the potential of augmented reality (AR) were addressed during the interviews. The interviews showed that the researchers believed that fully autonomous vehicles will not be introduced in the coming decades and that intermediate levels of automation, specific AV services, or shared control will be used instead. The researchers foresaw a large role of smart infrastructure and expressed a need for AV-VRU segregation, but were concerned about corresponding costs and maintenance requirements. The majority indicated that eHMIs will enhance future AV-VRU interaction, but they noted that implicit communication will remain dominant and advised against text-based and instructive eHMIs. AR was commended for its potential in assisting VRUs, but given the technological challenges, its use, for the time being, was believed to be limited to scientific experiments. The present expert perspectives may be instrumental to various stakeholders and researchers concerned with the relationship between VRUs and AVs in future urban traffic.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2590-1982
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2020.100293
ID  - ref1
ER  -