TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2021//
TI  - Phenotyping the spectrum of traumatic brain injury: a review and pathway to standardization
JO  - Journal of neurotrauma
A1  - Pugh, Mary Jo
A1  - Kennedy, Eamonn
A1  - Prager, Eric M.
A1  - Humpherys, Jeffrey
A1  - Dams-O'connor, Kristen
A1  - Hack, Dallas C.
A1  - McCafferty, Mary Katherine
A1  - Wolfe, Jessica
A1  - Yaffe, Kristine C.
A1  - McCrea, Michael
A1  - Ferguson, Adam R.
A1  - Lancashire, Lee
A1  - Ghajar, Jamshid
A1  - Lumba-Brown, Angela
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - It is widely appreciated that the spectrum of traumatic brain injury (TBI), mild through severe, contains distinct clinical presentations, variably referred to as subtypes, phenotypes, and/or clinical profiles. As part of the Brain Trauma Blueprint TBI State of the Science, we review the current literature on TBI phenotyping with an emphasis on unsupervised methodological approaches, and describe five phenotypes that appear similar across reports. However, we also find the literature contains divergent analysis strategies, inclusion criteria, findings, and use of terms. Further, while some studies delineate phenotypes within a specific severity of TBI, others derive phenotypes across the full spectrum of severity. Together, these facts confound direct synthesis of findings. To overcome this, we introduce PhenoBench, a freely available code repository for the standardization and evaluation of raw phenotyping data. With this review and toolset, we provide a pathway towards robust, data-driven phenotypes that can capture the heterogeneity of TBI, enabling reproducible insights and targeted care.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0897-7151
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/neu.2021.0059
ID  - ref1
ER  -