TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2016//
TI  - Income reliably predicts daily sadness, but not happiness: a replication and extension of Kushlev, Dunn, & Lucas (2015)
JO  - Social psychological and personality science
A1  - Hudson, Nathan W.
A1  - Lucas, Richard E.
A1  - Donnellan, M. Brent
A1  - Kushlev, Kostadin
SP  - 828
EP  - 836
VL  - 7
IS  - 8
N2  - Kushlev, Dunn, and Lucas (2015) found that income predicts less daily sadness-but not greater happiness-among Americans. The present study used longitudinal data from an approximately representative German sample to replicate and extend these findings. Our results largely replicated Kushlev and colleagues': income predicted less daily sadness (albeit with a smaller effect size), but was unrelated to happiness. Moreover, the association between income and sadness could not be explained by demographics, stress, or daily time-use. Extending Kushlev and colleagues' findings, new analyses indicated that only between-persons variance in income (but not within-persons variance) predicted daily sadness-perhaps because there was relatively little within-persons variance in income. Finally, income predicted less daily sadness and worry, but not less anger or frustration-potentially suggesting that income predicts less "internalizing" but not less "externalizing" negative emotions. Together, our study and Kushlev and colleagues' provide evidence that income robustly predicts select daily negative emotions-but not positive ones.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1948-5506
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550616657599
ID  - ref1
ER  -