TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2021//
TI  - Evaluation of protected left-turn phasing and leading pedestrian intervals effects on pedestrian safety
JO  - Transportation research record
A1  - Goughnour, Elissa
A1  - Carter, Daniel
A1  - Lyon, Craig
A1  - Persaud, Bhagwant
A1  - Lan, Bo
A1  - Chun, Piljin
A1  - Hamilton, Ian
A1  - Signor, Kari
A1  - Bryson, Meg
SP  - 1219
EP  - 1228
VL  - 2675
IS  - 11
N2  - Pedestrian safety is an important public health issue for the United States, with pedestrian fatalities representing approximately 16% of all traffic-related fatalities in 2016. Nationwide, transportation agencies are increasing their efforts to implement engineering-based improvements that increase pedestrian safety. These agencies need statistically rigorous crash modification factors (CMFs) to demonstrate the safety effectiveness of such countermeasures, and to apply in benefit-cost analyses to justify their implementation. This study focused on developing CMFs for two countermeasures that show promise for improving pedestrian safety: protected or protected/permissive left-turn phasing, and leading pedestrian intervals (LPIs). Data were acquired from four North American cities that had installed one or both of the countermeasures of interest: Chicago, IL; New York City, NY; Charlotte, NC; and Toronto, ON. The empirical Bayes before-after study design was applied to estimate the change in expected crash frequency for crashes following treatment. The protected left-turn phasing evaluation showed a benefit in reducing vehicle-vehicle injury crashes, but did not produce statistically significant results for vehicle-pedestrian crashes. For those crashes a disaggregate analysis did reveal that this treatment could be especially beneficial where pedestrian volumes exceed 5,500 per day. The LPI evaluation showed a statistically significant reduction in vehicle-pedestrian crashes with an estimated CMF of 0.87.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0361-1981
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981211025508
ID  - ref1
ER  -