TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2021//
TI  - A new score based on the international standards for neurological classification of spinal cord injury for integrative evaluation of changes in sensorimotor functions
JO  - Journal of neurotrauma
A1  - Grassner, Lukas
A1  - Garcia-Ovejero, Daniel
A1  - Mach, Orpheus
A1  - Lopez-Dolado, Elisa
A1  - Vargas-Vaquero, Eduardo
A1  - Alcobendas, Monica
A1  - Esclarin, Ana
A1  - Sanktjohanser, Ludwig
A1  - Wutte, Christof
A1  - Becker, Johannes
A1  - Lener, Sara
A1  - Hartmann, Sebastian
A1  - Girod, Pierre-Pascal
A1  - Koegl, Nikolaus
A1  - Griessenauer, Christoph
A1  - Papadopoulos, Marios C.
A1  - Geisler, Fred
A1  - Thomé, Claudius
A1  - Molina-Holgado, Eduardo
A1  - Vidal, Joan
A1  - Curt, Armin
A1  - Scivoletto, Giorgio
A1  - Guest, James
A1  - Maier, Doris
A1  - Weidner, Norbert
A1  - Rupp, Rüdiger
A1  - Kramer, John L. K.
A1  - Arevalo-Martin, Angel
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - Sensorimotor function of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) is commonly assessed according to the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI). From the ISNCSCI segmental motor and sensory assessments, upper and lower extremity motor scores (UEMS and LEMS), sum scores of pin prick (PP) and light touch (LT) sensation, the neurological level of injury (NLI) and the classification of lesion severity according to the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade are derived. Changes of these parameters over time are widely used to evaluate neurological recovery. However, evaluating recovery based on a single ISNCSCI scoring or classification variable may misestimate overall recovery. Here, we propose an Integrated Neurological Change Score (INCS) based on the combination of normalized changes between two-time points of UEMS, LEMS, and total PP and LT scores. To assess the agreement of INCS with clinical judgement of meaningfulness of neurological changes, changes of ISNCSCI variables between two time-points of 88 patients from an independent cohort were rated by 20 clinical experts according to a 5-categories Likert Scale. As for individual ISNCSCI variables, neurological change measured by INCS is associated to severity (AIS grade), age and time since injury, but INCS better reflects clinical judgment about meaningfulness of neurological changes than individual ISNCSCI variables. In addition, INCS is related with changes in functional independence measured by the Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) in patients with tetraplegia. INCS may be a useful measure of overall neurological change in clinical studies.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0897-7151
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/neu.2021.0368
ID  - ref1
ER  -