TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - Rapid analysis of gunshot residues with single-particle inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry
JO  - Forensic science international
A1  - Brünjes, Robert
A1  - Schüürman, Jan
A1  - Kammer, Frank von der
A1  - Hofmann, Thilo
SP  - e111202
EP  - e111202
VL  - 332
IS  - 
N2  - Gunshot residues (GSRs) from different types of ammunition have been characterized using a new method based on single-particle inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (sp-ICP-TOF-MS). This method can analyze thousands of particles per minute enabling rapid sample screening for GSR detection with minimal sample preparation. GSR particles are multi-elemental nanoparticles that are mainly defined by the elements lead, barium, and antimony. Sp-ICP-TOF-MS was also used to identify other elements contained in GSR particles while standard particle classification protocols do not consider the complexities of GSR compositions and can therefore miss out on valuable information. The proposed method can be used to support existing GSR detection methods, especially when lead-free, antimony-free, or tagged ammunition has been used; it also provides a possibility for multi-elemental fingerprinting of GSR particles.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0379-0738
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111202
ID  - ref1
ER  -