TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - Residual effects of zopiclone on driving performance using a standardized driving simulator among healthy volunteers
JO  - Psychopharmacology
A1  - Iwamoto, Kunihiro
A1  - Iwata, Mari
A1  - Kambe, Daiji
A1  - Imadera, Yumiko
A1  - Tachibana, Naoki
A1  - Kajiyama, Yu
A1  - Ando, Masahiko
A1  - Ozaki, Norio
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - RATIONALE: The effects of hypnotics on automobile driving have been attracting increasing attention. However, few driving simulators (DSs) have been confirmed to have acceptable reliability and validity for assessing the next-day residual effects of zopiclone as a positive control on driving performance. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether a new DS could permit detection of the next-day residual effects of zopiclone on driving performance. <br><br>METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial, 28 healthy males received zopiclone 7.5 mg at bedtime on days 1 and 8 and placebo on the other days over a period of 16 days. The participants took part in three driving tasks-road-tracking, car-following, and harsh-braking-using a DS on days 2 and 9 at 9-h post-dosing. Scores on the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale and Profile of Mood States-Second Edition were then assessed, as was the serum concentration of zopiclone. <br><br>RESULTS: The estimated differences in the standard deviation of lateral position (cm) in the road-tracking task between the zopiclone and placebo groups on days 2 and 9 were 3.75 cm (90% confidence interval (CI): 1.71-5.79) and 4.07 cm (90% CI: 2.02-6.11), respectively. The estimated differences in the distance coefficient of variation in the car-following task and in the brake reaction time in the harsh-braking task between the zopiclone and placebo groups on day 2 were 4.31 (90% CI: 1.94-6.69) and 24.6 ms (90% CI: 12.7-36.4), respectively. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The DS used in this study has sufficient sensitivity to detect the next-day residual effects of zopiclone on driving performance.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0033-3158
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06075-y
ID  - ref1
ER  -