TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - Sleep-related infant deaths: updated 2022 recommendations for reducing infant deaths in the sleep environment
JO  - Pediatrics
A1  - Moon, Rachel Y.
A1  - Carlin, Rebecca F.
A1  - Hand, Ivan
A1  - Abu Jawdeh, Elie G.
A1  - Colvin, Jeffrey
A1  - Goodstein, Michael H.
A1  - Hauck, Fern R.
A1  - Hwang, Sunah S.
A1  - Cummings, James
A1  - Aucott, Susan
A1  - Guillory, Charleta
A1  - Hudak, Mark
A1  - Kaufman, David
A1  - Martin, Camilia
A1  - Pramanik, Arun
A1  - Puopolo, Karen
A1  - Bundock, Elizabeth
A1  - Kaplan, Lorena
A1  - Brown, Sharyn Parks
A1  - Koso-Thomas, Marion
A1  - Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.
A1  - Barfield, Wanda
A1  - Miller, Russell
A1  - Narvey, Michael
A1  - Jancelewicz, Tim
A1  - Lucke, Ashley
A1  - Grisham, Lisa
A1  - Couto, James
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - Each year in the United States, ∼3500 infants die of sleep-related infant deaths, including sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision [ICD-10] R95), ill-defined deaths (ICD-10 R99), and accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed (ICD-10 W75). After a substantial decline in sleep-related deaths in the 1990s, the overall death rate attributable to sleep-related infant deaths has remained stagnant since 2000, and disparities persist. The triple risk model proposes that SIDS occurs when an infant with intrinsic vulnerability (often manifested by impaired arousal, cardiorespiratory, and/or autonomic responses) undergoes an exogenous trigger event (eg, exposure to an unsafe sleeping environment) during a critical developmental period. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a safe sleep environment to reduce the risk of all sleep-related deaths. This includes supine positioning; use of a firm, noninclined sleep surface; room sharing without bed sharing; and avoidance of soft bedding and overheating. Additional recommendations for SIDS risk reduction include human milk feeding; avoidance of exposure to nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, opioids, and illicit drugs; routine immunization; and use of a pacifier. New recommendations are presented regarding noninclined sleep surfaces, short-term emergency sleep locations, use of cardboard boxes as a sleep location, bed sharing, substance use, home cardiorespiratory monitors, and tummy time. Additional information to assist parents, physicians, and nonphysician clinicians in assessing the risk of specific bed-sharing situations is also included. The recommendations and strength of evidence for each recommendation are included in this policy statement. The rationale for these recommendations is discussed in detail in the accompanying technical report.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0031-4005
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-057990
ID  - ref1
ER  -