TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2021//
TI  - Case study of a cyber-physical attack affecting port and ship operational safety
JO  - Journal of transportation technologies (Irvine, Calif.)
A1  - Tam, Kimberly
A1  - Hopcraft, Rory
A1  - Moara-Nkwe, Kemedi
A1  - Misas, Juan Palbar
A1  - Andrews, Wesley
A1  - Harish, Avanthika Vineetha
A1  - Giménez, Pablo
A1  - Crichton, Tom
A1  - Jones, Kevin
SP  - 1
EP  - 27
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
N2  - As the maritime sector embraces more technology to increase efficiency, lower carbon emissions, and adapt to meet modern challenges, cyber and cyber-physical safety become a more significant issue. However, unfortunately, much of past research view cyber-security issues in transportation as primarily information technology problems. This paper designs and uses a case study to illustrate how cyber-security and physical safety should be viewed together, cyber and physical (i.e. cyber-physical), when considering ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore interactions. While there is some scenario designing, this case study is built with real port data and ship systems to demonstrate a real-world cyber-attack on a ship. It shows plausible physical effects that affect the safety of those involved. This case study is also made realistic with a novel hybrid cyber range and hardware testbed environment, designed to examine the different effects a ship-based cyber-attack could potentially have on a port. This informs several solutions, technical and social, that could enhance cyber-physical safety in marine transportation.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2160-0473
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jtts.2022.121001
ID  - ref1
ER  -