TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - Predicting depression among spouses of ex-POWs: the contribution of exposure to violence, trauma, and stress through the life cycle
JO  - Journal of interpersonal violence
A1  - Hava, Dayan
A1  - Solomon, Zahava
A1  - Dekel, Rachel
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - The current longitudinal study focused on predicting depression among spouses of former Israeli war veterans (combat veterans or ex-prisoners of war [ex-POWs]). The research examined the direct and moderating role of secondary trauma related to their husbands' war-related experiences, stress related to being exposed to intimate partner violence in their relationship, being a second-generation Holocaust (SGH) survivor, and the effects of additional stressful life events (SLEs) since the end of the war. Wives of ex-POWs and combat veterans (N = 129) participated in two time measurements. Spouses of ex-POWs were found to be at higher risk of depression and psychological violence. Psychological violence was a risk factor for depression. The three-way interaction among psychological violence, being a SGH survivor, and experiencing SLEs was significant. In addition, experiencing earlier stressful events had a protective effect. The findings suggest that the association between early exposure and additive exposure through life is a complex iteration of factors and does not necessarily follow the vulnerability perspective.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0886-2605
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08862605221119523
ID  - ref1
ER  -