TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - Global burden and trends of firearm violence in 204 countries/territories from 1990 to 2019
JO  - Frontiers in public health
A1  - Ou, Zejin
A1  - Ren, Yixian
A1  - Duan, Danping
A1  - Tang, Shihao
A1  - Zhu, Shaofang
A1  - Feng, Kexin
A1  - Zhang, Jinwei
A1  - Liang, Jiabin
A1  - Su, Yiwei
A1  - Zhang, Yuxia
A1  - Cui, Jiaxin
A1  - Chen, Yuquan
A1  - Zhou, Xueqiong
A1  - Mao, Chen
A1  - Wang, Zhi
SP  - e966507
EP  - e966507
VL  - 10
IS  - 
N2  - BACKGROUND: Gaps remained in the updated information of the firearm violence (FV) burden from a global landscape. Understanding the global burden of FV could contribute to decision-making. <br><br>METHODS: Data on the FV burden, including physical violence by firearm (PVF), self-harm by firearm (SHF), and unintentional firearm injuries (UFI), were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. The temporal trends of age-standardized rate (ASR) were estimated using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). <br><br>RESULTS: In 2019, PVF, SHF, and UFI reported 710.64 × 10(3), 335.25 × 10(3), and 2,133.88 × 10(3), respectively, incident cases worldwide. Their ASR (/100,000 people-years) were 9.31, 4.05, and 28.07. During 1990-2019, the overall incident ASRs of PVF presented an increasing trend (EAPC = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48 to 0.75). Notably, pronounced increasing trends were observed in Tropical Latin America, and North Africa and Middle East. However, incident trends of SHF and UFI declined globally, with the respective EAPCs being -0.68 (95% CI: -0.83 to -0.54) and -0.98 (95% CI: -1.19 to -0.77). In 2019, the ASR of death due to PVF, SHF, and UFI were 2.23, 0.65, and 0.26, and that of DALYs were 127.56, 28.10, and 17.64, respectively. Decreasing trends in the ASRs of FV were observed in most regions and countries worldwide over the past three decades, particularly that of PVF in Estonia. <br><br>CONCLUSION: The FV burden was heterogeneous across regions and countries, which was deeply subjected to socioeconomic factors. The findings highlighted that specific prevention strategies and interventions were required, particularly in the high prevalent settings.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2296-2565
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.966507
ID  - ref1
ER  -