TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - The associations between traumatic experiences and subsequent onset of a substance use disorder: findings from the World Health Organization World Mental Health surveys
JO  - Drug and alcohol dependence
A1  - Degenhardt, Louisa
A1  - Bharat, Chrianna
A1  - Glantz, Meyer D.
A1  - Bromet, Evelyn J.
A1  - Alonso, Jordi
A1  - Bruffaerts, Ronny
A1  - Bunting, Brendan
A1  - de Girolamo, Giovanni
A1  - de Jonge, Peter
A1  - Florescu, Silvia
A1  - Gureje, Oye
A1  - Haro, Josep Maria
A1  - Harris, Meredith G.
A1  - Hinkov, Hristo
A1  - Karam, Elie G.
A1  - Karam, Georges
A1  - Kovess-Masféty, Viviane
A1  - Lee, Sing
A1  - Makanjuola, Victor
A1  - Medina-Mora, Maria Elena
A1  - Navarro-Mateu, Fernando
A1  - Piazza, Marina
A1  - Posada-Villa, Jose
A1  - Scott, Kate M.
A1  - Stein, Dan J.
A1  - Tachimori, Hisateru
A1  - Tintle, Nathan
A1  - Torres, Yolanda
A1  - Viana, Maria Carmen
A1  - Kessler, Ronald C.
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - AIM: Exposure to traumatic events (TEs) is associated with substance use disorders (SUDs). However, most studies focus on a single TE, and are limited to single countries, rather than across countries with variation in economic, social and cultural characteristics. We used cross-national data to examine associations of diverse TEs with SUD onset, and variation in associations over time. <br><br>METHODS: Data come from World Mental Health surveys across 22 countries. Adults (n = 65,165) retrospectively reported exposure to 29 TEs in six categories: "exposure to organised violence"; "participation in organised violence"; "interpersonal violence"; "sexual-relationship violence"; "other life-threatening events"; and those involving loved ones ("network traumas"). Discrete-time survival analyses were used to examine associations with subsequent first SUD onset. <br><br>RESULTS: Most (71.0%) reported experiencing at least one TE, with network traumas (38.8%) most common and exposure to organised violence (9.5%) least. One in five (20.3%) had been exposed to sexual-relationship violence and 26.6% to interpersonal violence. Among the TE exposed, lifetime SUD prevalence was 14.5% compared to 5.1% with no trauma exposure. Most TE categories (except organised violence) were associated with increased odds of SUD. Increased odds of SUD were also found following interpersonal violence exposure across all age ranges (ORs from 1.56 to 1.78), and sexual-relationship violence exposure during adulthood (ORs from 1.33 to 1.44), with associations persisting even after >11 years. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Sexual and interpersonal violence have the most consistent associations with progression to SUD; increased risk remains for many years post-exposure. These need to be considered when working with people exposed to such traumas.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0376-8716
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109574
ID  - ref1
ER  -