TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - Psychiatric morbidity among men using anabolic steroids
JO  - Depression and anxiety
A1  - Windfeld-Mathiasen, Josefine
A1  - Christoffersen, Thea
A1  - Strand, Niels August Willer
A1  - Dalhoff, Kim
A1  - Andersen, Jon Traerup
A1  - Horwitz, Henrik
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychiatric morbidity among men with abuse of anabolic steroids. <br><br>METHODS: The design is a retrospectively matched cohort study. Five hundred and fourty-five males, who tested positive for anabolic steroids in Danish fitness centers during the period January 3, 2006 to March 1, 2018, were matched with 5450 randomly chosen male controls. Data was cross-referenced with seven national registers pertaining to information about education, employment status, and psychiatric comorbidity. Main outcomes and measures were prescription of psychopharmacological treatment. <br><br>RESULTS: The incidence of treatment with anxiolytics (HR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.62-3.38) and antipsychotics (HR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.99-3.63) displayed a remarkable increase in the years following doping sanction, compared to the control group. The prevalence of antidepressant use was already markedly elevated several years before doping sanction, but also displayed a higher incidence in the years following sanction (HR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.28-2.13). The associations remained highly significant after controlling for socioeconomic factors. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Anabolic steroids use is strongly associated with psychiatric morbidity.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1091-4269
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.23287
ID  - ref1
ER  -