TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2023//
TI  - The impact of self-evacuation from flood hazard areas on the equilibrium of the road transport
JO  - Safety science
A1  - Borowska-Stefańska, Marta
A1  - Kowalski, Michał
A1  - Wiśniewski, Szymon
A1  - Dulebenets, Maxim A.
SP  - e105934
EP  - e105934
VL  - 157
IS  - 
N2  - The main purpose of this article is to identify the local determinants for self-evacuation during a flooding event and the impact that the changes related to its individual stages and forms exert on the operational efficiency of the regional transport system. The authors conducted a questionnaire survey, the results of which were used to perform a series of traffic simulations. Six scenarios were analysed, each exemplifying various stages and forms of self-evacuation. Base volumes of traffic flows, speeds within the congested network, and travel times between individual transport regions were determined on the basis of a multi-modal and multi-motivational model of the area which takes into account the following types of traffic: internal, source-external, source-destination, and transit. The study showed that the evacuation from flood hazard areas following non-typical disruptions has a considerable impact on changes in the spatial distribution of the load on the road network.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0925-7535
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2022.105934
ID  - ref1
ER  -