TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - Structural and functional neural correlates in individuals with excessive smartphone use: a systematic review and meta-analysis
JO  - International journal of environmental research and public health
A1  - Lin, Hsiu-Man
A1  - Chang, Yu-Tzu
A1  - Chen, Meng-Hsiang
A1  - Liu, Shu-Tsen
A1  - Chen, Bo-Shen
A1  - Li, Lin
A1  - Lee, Chiao-Yu
A1  - Sue, Yu-Ru
A1  - Sung, Tsai-Mei
A1  - Sun, Cheuk-Kwan
A1  - Yeh, Pin-Yang
SP  - e16277
EP  - e16277
VL  - 19
IS  - 23
N2  - BACKGROUND: Despite known association of internet addiction with a reduced brain volume and abnormal connectivity, the impact of excessive smartphone use remains unclear. <br><br>METHODS: PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrial.gov, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from inception to July 2022 using appropriate keywords for observational studies comparing differences in brain volumes and activations between excessive smartphone users and individuals with regular use by magnetic resonance imaging. <br><br>RESULTS: Of the 11 eligible studies retrieved from 6993 articles initially screened, seven and six evaluated brain volumes and activations, respectively. The former enrolled 421 participants (165 excessive smartphone users vs. 256 controls), while the latter recruited 276 subjects with 139 excessive smartphone users. The results demonstrated a smaller brain volume in excessive smartphone users compared to the controls (g = -0.55, p < 0.001), especially in subcortical regions (p < 0.001). Besides, the impact was more pronounced in adolescents than in adults (p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed a significant positive association between impulsivity and volume reduction. Regarding altered activations, the convergences of foci in the declive of the posterior lobe of cerebellum, the lingual gyrus, and the middle frontal gyrus were noted. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrated a potential association of excessive smartphone use with a reduced brain volume and altered activations.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1661-7827
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316277
ID  - ref1
ER  -