TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - Relationship between right foot position and pedal operation error on the method of "pedal operation with heels on the floor"
JO  - Journal of the Japanese Council of Traffic Science
A1  - Sekine, Yasufumi
SP  - 34
EP  - 44
VL  - 21
IS  - 2
N2  - The aging rate continues to increase, and in 2065 it is predicted that the aging rate will reach 38.4%. It has been pointed out that the number of accidents caused by the elderly will increase in the future. Recently, accidents caused by elderly drivers from pedal operation error, when pedal change operation between brake and accelerator pedal have become a social problem. In this study, a sedan-type passenger vehicle with a pedal step of 20 mm was used as the test vehicle. The subjects were 5 elderly people （average age 72.8 years） and 5 young people （male average age 18.0 years）. And the subject was in a pedal-operated posture, putting the heel of right foot on the floor. The subjects were given the task of stepping on the brake pedal or accelerator pedal with their right foot. The author made a video of the movement of the foot when the subject changed from the accelerator pedal to the brake pedal, and analyzed the video. In elderly subjects, when subjects put heel in the position of the accelerator pedal and try to step on the brake pedal with right toe facing inward, a near miss, stepping on a place near the accelerator pedal, occurred. On the other hand, when the heel is placed between the accelerator and the brake, It was confirmed that no near miss occurred. Therefore, the author conducted an experiment on young subjects with the heel placement positions set to "Condition 1: Accelerator pedal position", "Condition 2: Position between the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal", and "Condition 3: Brake pedal position". As a result, the following was confirmed. In "Condition 1", subjects make a near miss like elderly persons, or step on the accelerator pedal. In "Condition 2", there are both cases where near misses occur and cases where near misses do not occur. In "Condition 3", near miss does not occur. "Pedal operation with heels on the floor" is a pedal operation method recommended for elderly drivers, such as stable operation because the heel is placed on the floor. However, when recommending this pedal operation method to elderly drivers, it is important to instruct including "putting the heel of the right foot in the position of the brake pedal".     ===     【緒言】わが国の高齢化率は，2065年には38.4％に達することが予想されており、今後、高齢者による事故が増加することが指摘されている。最近では、高齢運転者が起こしたブレーキとアクセルのペダル踏み間違い事故が社会的な問題となっている。【対象および実験方法】ペダル段差20mmのセダン型乗用車を試験車とし、高齢者の被験者5人（平均年齢72.8歳）および若年者の被験者5人（平均年齢18.0歳の男性）に右足の踵を床に付けてペダル操作する姿勢になってもらい、ブレーキもしくはアクセルペダルを右足先で踏むタスクを与え、アクセルからブレーキに踏み換える際の足の動きを撮影、その画像を分析することによって、ペダル踏み間違いの発生メカニズムを明らかにした。【結果】高齢者の被験者において、アクセルの位置に踵を置き、これを支点に足先を内側に向けてブレーキを踏もうとしたところ、アクセルに近い場所を踏んでしまうニアミスが発生した。一方で、アクセルとブレーキの中間くらいの位置に踵を置いた場合には、ニアミスは発生しないといったことを確認した。そこで、若年者の被験者に対し、踵を置く位置を「条件1：アクセルの位置」「条件2：アクセルとブレーキの中間の位置」「条件3：ブレーキの位置」として実験を行ったところ、「条件1」では高齢者と同様にニアミスをしてしまう、もしくはアクセルペダルを踏んでしまう、「条件2」ではニアミスを起こさない場合とニアミスをした場合の両方があり、「条件3」においては、ニアミスは発生しなかった。【結論】右足の踵をブレーキペダルの位置に置いた状態で「踵を床に付けたペダル操作」を行うことは、ペダル踏み間違いを、よりいっそう起こしにくくするペダル操作法と考えられる。<p />  <p>Language: ja</p>
LA  - ja
SN  - 2188-3874
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.24597/jcts.21.2_34
ID  - ref1
ER  -