TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2023//
TI  - Bullying victimization and comorbid patterns of PTSD and depressive symptoms in adolescents: random intercept latent transition analysis
JO  - Journal of youth and adolescence
A1  - Yang, Xima
A1  - Zhen, Rui
A1  - Liu, Zhengyi
A1  - Wu, Xinyue
A1  - Xu, Yongyong
A1  - Ma, Rong
A1  - Zhou, Xiao
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - Many studies have examined post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depressive symptoms in adolescents under the background of school bullying, but not their comorbidities and changes over time. This study used random intercept latent transition analysis (RI-LTA) to examine the transitions in comorbid patterns of PTSD and depressive symptoms among 815 adolescents (45.0% boys; M(age-baseline) = 13.69, SD = 1.60), who reported their symptoms in a 3-year longitudinal study. Three comorbid patterns were found: low symptoms, predominantly PTSD symptoms, and symptoms of comorbidity. Among these patterns, five trends were found through 3 years: stable low symptoms, stable PTSD symptoms, improving symptoms, worsening symptoms, and an inverted-U pattern. Age, time that parents spend with their child, being an only child, family income and experiencing relational bullying were predictors of these transitions. These suggest that patterns of PTSD and depressive symptoms are heterogeneous and may change over time since trauma events. Developing targeted interventions based on underlying factors through distinct patterns and transitions may help us better optimize and utilize intervention resources to alleviate symptoms from bullying victims.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0047-2891
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01826-2
ID  - ref1
ER  -