TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2023//
TI  - Childhood ADHD with and without co-occurring internalizing/externalizing problems: prospective predictions of change in adolescent academic and social functioning
JO  - Journal of attention disorders
A1  - Reinke, Amber L.
A1  - Stiles, Kelsey
A1  - Lee, Steve S.
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Internalizing and externalizing problems predict poor academic and social outcomes. However, ADHD co-occurs with internalizing and externalizing problems and is itself a risk factor, thus preventing precise inferences. This study evaluated childhood anxiety, depression, and aggression as predictors of change in adolescent academic and social outcomes, including moderation by childhood ADHD. <br><br>METHODS: 182 ethnically-diverse 5- to 11-year-old youth with (54.7%) and without (45.3%) ADHD completed a separate baseline and 6- to 7-year prospective follow-up assessment, consisting of parallel measures across youth psychopathology, academic functioning (i.e., academic achievement, school competence), and friendship quality domains. <br><br>RESULTS: Whereas childhood ADHD inversely predicted academic competence, depression and aggression uniquely predicted worsening friendship quality. Interestingly, anxiety was unrelated to change in academic and friendship outcomes; similarly, neither ADHD, depression, nor aggression predicted change in objectively-measured academic achievement from a standardized assessment. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Implications for intervention and prevention are considered, including school-based approaches, within a developmental psychopathology framework.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 1087-0547
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10870547231187146
ID  - ref1
ER  -