TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2023//
TI  - Tramadol poisoning and its management and complications: a scoping review
JO  - Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
A1  - Manouchehri, Aliasghar
A1  - Nekoukar, Zahra
A1  - Malakian, Abdollah
A1  - Zakariaei, Zakaria
SP  - 3982
EP  - 3989
VL  - 85
IS  - 8
N2  - Tramadol (TR) is an opioid agonist (μ-opioid receptors) that also affects the noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. TR is a synthetic analgesic substance with opioid agonist properties that has been approved for pain management by affecting the central nervous system. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this scoping review was to determine the poisoning consequences of TR and its associated symptom management techniques, as well as its effect on opioid and non-opioid receptors, metabolism, and complications on various organ systems. <br><br>DISCUSSION: Typically, acute overdose of TR is not considered life threatening, and most fatalities are attributed to polysubstance overdose. TR can cause drowsiness, headaches, seizures, respiratory depression, low heart rate, coma, and even death. Additionally, the prolonged use of TR can lead to addiction, with withdrawal resulting in both common and atypical symptoms. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, it is recommended that patients with TR poisoning receive close monitoring of their cardiovascular system, along with a comprehensive management plan for their levels of consciousness and respiratory function.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2049-0801
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000001075
ID  - ref1
ER  -