TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2023//
TI  - Are severity and location of facial trauma risk factors for cervical spine injuries? 10-year analysis based on the use of the AO spine injury classification and the comprehensive facial injury (CFI) score
JO  - European spine journal
A1  - Canzi, G.
A1  - De Ponti, E.
A1  - Spota, A.
A1  - Mangini, G.
A1  - De Simone, E.
A1  - Cioffi, S. P. B.
A1  - Altomare, M.
A1  - Bini, R.
A1  - Virdis, F.
A1  - Cimbanassi, S.
A1  - Chiara, O.
A1  - Sozzi, D.
A1  - Novelli, G.
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - PURPOSE: This study aims to demonstrate a correlation between cervical spine injury and location and severity of facial trauma. <br><br>METHODS: We did a 10-year retrospective analysis of prospectively collected patients with at least one facial and/or cervical spine injury. We classified facial injuries using the Comprehensive Facial Injury (CFI) score, and stratified patients into mild (CFI < 4), moderate (4 ≤ CFI < 10) and severe facial trauma (CFI ≥ 10). The primary outcome was to recognize the severity and topography of the facial trauma which predict the probability of associated cervical spine injuries. <br><br>RESULTS: We included 1197 patients: 78% with facial injuries, 16% with spine injuries and 6% with both. According to the CFI score, 48% of patients sustained a mild facial trauma, 35% a moderate one and 17% a severe one. The midface was involved in 45% of cases, then the upper facial third (13%) and the lower one (10%). The multivariate analysis showed multiple independent risk factors for associated facial and cervical spine injuries, among them an injury of the middle facial third (OR 1.11 p 0.004) and the facial trauma severity, having every increasing point of CFI score a 6% increasing risk (OR 1.06 p 0.004). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Facial trauma is a risk factor for a concomitant cervical spine injury. Among multiple risk factors, severe midfacial trauma is an important red flag. The stratification of facial injuries based on the CFI score through CT-scan images could be a turning point in the management of patients at risk for cervical spine injuries before imaging is available.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0940-6719
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00586-023-08037-0
ID  - ref1
ER  -