TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2024//
TI  - Causal association between years of schooling and the risk of traumatic brain injury: a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis
JO  - Journal of affective disorders
A1  - Huang, Xinyue
A1  - Guo, Xiumei
A1  - Gao, Wen
A1  - Xiong, Yu
A1  - Chen, Chunhui
A1  - Zheng, Hanlin
A1  - Pan, Zhigang
A1  - Wang, Lingxing
A1  - Zheng, Shuni
A1  - Ke, Chuhan
A1  - Stavrinou, Pantelis
A1  - Hu, Weipeng
A1  - Hong, Kunda
A1  - Zheng, Feng
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the number of years of schooling are causally associated traumatic brain injury (TBI). We aimed to investigate whether the number of years of schooling are causally associated TBI. <br><br>METHODS: We investigate the prospective causal effect of years of schooling on TBI using summary statistical data. The statistical dataset comprising years of schooling (n = 293,723) from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) deposited in the UK Biobank was used for exposure. We used the following GWAS available in the FinnGen dataset: individuals with TBI (total = 13,165; control = 136,576; number of single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] = 16,380,088). <br><br>RESULTS: Seventy significant genome-wide SNPs from GWAS datasets with annotated years of schooling were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighted method results supported a causal relationship between years of schooling and TBI (odds ratio (OR), 0.78; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.62-0.98; P = 0.029). MR-Egger regression showed that polydirectionality was unlikely to bias the results (intercept = 0.007, SE = 0.01, P = 0.484) and demonstrated no causal relationship between years of schooling and TBI (OR, 0.52; 95%CI, 0.17-1.64; P = 0.270). The weighted median method revealed a causal relationship with TBI (OR, 0.73; 95%CI, 0.55-0.98; P = 0.047). A Cochran's Q test and funnel plot did not show heterogeneity nor asymmetry, indicating no directional pleiotropy. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The current investigation yields substantiation of a causal association between years of schooling and TBI development. More years of schooling may be causally associated with a reduced risk of TBI, which has implications for clinical and public health practices and policies.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0165-0327
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.045
ID  - ref1
ER  -