TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2004//
TI  - Landslides, Forest Fires, and Earthquakes: Examples of Self-Organized Critical Behavior
JO  - Physica A: statistical mechanics and its applications
A1  - Turcotte, Donald L.
A1  - Malamud, Bruce D.
SP  - 580
EP  - 589
VL  - 340
IS  - 4
N2  - Per Bak conceived self-organized criticality as an explanation for the behavior of the sandpile model. Subsequently, many cellular automata models were found to exhibit similar behavior. Two examples are the forest-fire and slider-block models. Each of these models can be associated with a serious natural hazard: the sandpile model with landslides, the forest-fire model with actual forest fires, and the slider-block model with earthquakes. We examine the noncumulative frequency-area statistics for each natural hazard, and show that each has a robust power-law (fractal) distribution. We propose an inverse-cascade model as a general explanation for the power-law frequency-area statistics of the three cellular-automata models and their 'associated' natural hazards.     <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0378-4371
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -