TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2004//
TI  - Cross-national consistency in the relationship between bullying behaviors and psychosocial adjustment
JO  - Archives of pediatrics and adolescent medicine
A1  - Ruan, W. June
A1  - Saluja, G.
A1  - Overpeck, Mary D.
A1  - Craig, Wendy M.
A1  - Nansel, Tonja R.
SP  - 730
EP  - 736
VL  - 158
IS  - 8
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the relationship between bullying and psychosocial adjustment is consistent across countries by standard measures and methods. DESIGN: Cross-sectional self-report surveys were obtained from nationally representative samples of students in 25 countries. Involvement in bullying, as bully, victim, or both bully and victim, was assessed. SETTING: Surveys were conducted at public and private schools throughout the participating countries. PARTICIPANTS: Participants included all consenting students in sampled classrooms, for a total of 113 200 students at average ages of 11.5, 13.5, and 15.5 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Psychosocial adjustment dimensions assessed included health problems, emotional adjustment, school adjustment, relationships with classmates, alcohol use, and weapon carrying. RESULTS: Involvement in bullying varied dramatically across countries, ranging from 9% to 54% of youth. However, across all countries, involvement in bullying was associated with poorer psychosocial adjustment (P<.05). In all or nearly all countries, bullies, victims, and bully-victims reported greater health problems and poorer emotional and social adjustment. Victims and bully-victims consistently reported poorer relationships with classmates, whereas bullies and bully-victims reported greater alcohol use and weapon carrying. CONCLUSIONS: The association of bullying with poorer psychosocial adjustment is remarkably similar across countries. Bullying is a critical issue for the health of youth internationally.
LA  - 
SN  - 1072-4710
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.158.8.730
ID  - ref1
ER  -