TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2022//
TI  - Suicidal tendencies and psychiatric symptoms as consequence of anabolic androgenic steroid usage among athletes in District Rawalpindi
JO  - JPMA: Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
A1  - Khalily, Muhammad Athar
A1  - Khalily, Muhammad Tahir
A1  - Hussain, Basharat
SP  - 616
EP  - 619
VL  - 72
IS  - 4
N2  - OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the possible association between suicidal tendencies and psychiatric symptoms associated with anabolic androgenic steroid usage among athletes. <br><br>METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to July 2017 in Rawalpindi and Wah Canttonment, Pakistan, after approval from the International Islamic University, Islamabad, and comprised male athletes aged >18 years. Those using androgenic anabolic steroid formed group A, while the non-users were in group B. In addition to demographics, data was collected using Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation and the Symptoms Checklist-90. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. <br><br>RESULTS: Of the 60 subjects, there were 30 (50%) in each of the two groups. The majority were aged 24-26 years 41 (68.30%). Group A scored significantly higher compared to group B on suicidal ideation, had more interpersonal problems, depression, hostility, paranoia and psychoticism (p<0.05). Unemployment and low household income increased steroid usage (p<0.05). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: There was found to be a significant association of anabolic androgenic steroid use with suicidal tendencies and mental health issues.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0030-9982
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.791
ID  - ref1
ER  -