TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2024//
TI  - Neighborhood resources associated with psychological trajectories and neural reactivity to reward after trauma
JO  - JAMA Psychiatry
A1  - Webb, E. Kate
A1  - Stevens, Jennifer S.
A1  - Ely, Timothy D.
A1  - Lebois, Lauren A. M.
A1  - van Rooij, Sanne J. H.
A1  - Bruce, Steven E.
A1  - House, Stacey L.
A1  - Beaudoin, Francesca L.
A1  - An, Xinming
A1  - Neylan, Thomas C.
A1  - Clifford, Gari D.
A1  - Linnstaedt, Sarah D.
A1  - Germine, Laura T.
A1  - Bollen, Kenneth A.
A1  - Rauch, Scott L.
A1  - Haran, John P.
A1  - Storrow, Alan B.
A1  - Lewandowski, Christopher
A1  - Musey, Paul I. Jr
A1  - Hendry, Phyllis L.
A1  - Sheikh, Sophia
A1  - Jones, Christopher W.
A1  - Punches, Brittany E.
A1  - Swor, Robert A.
A1  - Murty, Vishnu P.
A1  - Hudak, Lauren A.
A1  - Pascual, Jose L.
A1  - Seamon, Mark J.
A1  - Datner, Elizabeth M.
A1  - Pearson, Claire
A1  - Peak, David A.
A1  - Domeier, Robert M.
A1  - Rathlev, Niels K.
A1  - O'Neil, Brian J.
A1  - Sergot, Paulina
A1  - Sanchez, Leon D.
A1  - Joormann, Jutta
A1  - Pizzagalli, Diego A.
A1  - Harte, Steven E.
A1  - Kessler, Ronald C.
A1  - Koenen, Karestan C.
A1  - Ressler, Kerry J.
A1  - McLean, Samuel A.
A1  - Harnett, Nathaniel G.
SP  - ePub
EP  - ePub
VL  - ePub
IS  - ePub
N2  - IMPORTANCE: Research on resilience after trauma has often focused on individual-level factors (eg, ability to cope with adversity) and overlooked influential neighborhood-level factors that may help mitigate the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether an interaction between residential greenspace and self-reported individual resources was associated with a resilient PTSD trajectory (ie, low/no symptoms) and to test if the association between greenspace and PTSD trajectory was mediated by neural reactivity to reward.     DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: As part of a longitudinal cohort study, trauma survivors were recruited from emergency departments across the US. Two weeks after trauma, a subset of participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a monetary reward task. Study data were analyzed from January to November 2023. EXPOSURES: Residential greenspace within a 100-m buffer of each participant's home address was derived from satellite imagery and quantified using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and perceived individual resources measured by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).     MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES: PTSD symptom severity measured at 2 weeks, 8 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after trauma. Neural responses to monetary reward in reward-related regions (ie, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, orbitofrontal cortex) was a secondary outcome. Covariates included both geocoded (eg, area deprivation index) and self-reported characteristics (eg, childhood maltreatment, income). <br><br>RESULTS: In 2597 trauma survivors (mean [SD] age, 36.5 [13.4] years; 1637 female [63%]; 1304 non-Hispanic Black [50.2%], 289 Hispanic [11.1%], 901 non-Hispanic White [34.7%], 93 non-Hispanic other race [3.6%], and 10 missing/unreported [0.4%]), 6 PTSD trajectories (resilient, nonremitting high, nonremitting moderate, slow recovery, rapid recovery, delayed) were identified through latent-class mixed-effect modeling. Multinominal logistic regressions revealed that for individuals with higher CD-RISC scores, greenspace was associated with a greater likelihood of assignment in a resilient trajectory compared with nonremitting high (Wald z test = -3.92; P < .001), nonremitting moderate (Wald z test = -2.24; P = .03), or slow recovery (Wald z test = -2.27; P = .02) classes. Greenspace was also associated with greater neural reactivity to reward in the amygdala (n = 288; t277 = 2.83; adjusted P value = 0.02); however, reward reactivity did not differ by PTSD trajectory. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study, greenspace and self-reported individual resources were significantly associated with PTSD trajectories. These findings suggest that factors at multiple ecological levels may contribute to the likelihood of resiliency to PTSD after trauma.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 2168-622X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.2148
ID  - ref1
ER  -