TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2024//
TI  - A randomized trial of behavioral interventions yielding sustained reductions in distracted driving
JO  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
A1  - Ebert, Jeffrey P.
A1  - Xiong, Ruiying A.
A1  - Khan, Neda
A1  - Abdel-Rahman, Dina
A1  - Leitner, Aaron
A1  - Everett, William C.
A1  - Gaba, Kristen L.
A1  - Fisher, William J.
A1  - McDonald, Catherine C.
A1  - Winston, Flaura K.
A1  - Rosin, Roy M.
A1  - Volpp, Kevin G.
A1  - Barnett, Ian J.
A1  - Wiebe, Douglas J.
A1  - Halpern, Scott D.
A1  - Delgado, Mucio Kit
SP  - e2320603121
EP  - e2320603121
VL  - 121
IS  - 32
N2  - Distracted driving is responsible for nearly 1 million crashes each year in the United States alone, and a major source of driver distraction is handheld phone use. We conducted a randomized, controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of interventions designed to create sustained reductions in handheld use while driving (NCT04587609). Participants were 1,653 consenting Progressive® Snapshot® usage-based auto insurance customers ages 18 to 77 who averaged at least 2 min/h of handheld use while driving in the month prior to study invitation. They were randomly assigned to one of five arms for a 10-wk intervention period. Arm 1 (control) got education about the risks of handheld phone use, as did the other arms. Arm 2 got a free phone mount to facilitate hands-free use. Arm 3 got the mount plus a commitment exercise and tips for hands-free use. Arm 4 got the mount, commitment, and tips plus weekly goal gamification and social competition. Arm 5 was the same as Arm 4, plus offered behaviorally designed financial incentives. Postintervention, participants were monitored until the end of their insurance rating period, 25 to 65 d more. Outcome differences were measured using fractional logistic regression. Arm 4 participants, who received gamification and competition, reduced their handheld use by 20.5% relative to control (P < 0.001); Arm 5 participants, who additionally received financial incentives, reduced their use by 27.6% (P < 0.001). Both groups sustained these reductions through the end of their insurance rating period.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0027-8424
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2320603121
ID  - ref1
ER  -