Citation

McLeod AL, Hays DG, Chang CY. J. Couns. Dev. 2010; 88(3): 303-310.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2010, John Wiley & Sons)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

This phenomenological study investigates the types of personal and community resources that female intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors used when leaving an abusive male partner. Three African American and 2 European American IPV survivors, ages 24 to 38 years, described positive and negative experiences with social support, personal validation, self-care, connection, IPV assessment, community validation, protection, and community support. On the basis of their experiences, a checklist of IPV competencies for counselors is presented.