Citation

Downie B, Polymeropoulos C, Gogos G. Fire Safety J. 1995; 24(4): 359-381.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1995, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

This work describes observations and measurements from the interaction of a fine water spray from a hollow cone nozzle, with purely buoyant diffusion flames from a natural gas ceramic-plate burner located directly underneath the nozzle. The burner plate was instrumented with thermocouples cemented on its upper and lower surfaces to assess the influence of the spray on the burner temperature. A set of thermocouples was also used to measure plume centerline temperatures above the burner plate. An imaging system was used to record the presence of droplets near the burner surface, and a narrow angle total radiation detector was used to measure changes in local flame radiation. A limited number of measurements of the steady state O2 and CO concentrations along the plume centerline were also carried out.For the conditions tested, the plume-to-spray thrust ratio was large, resulting in negligible direct penetration of the droplets into the fire region. A consequence of the low spray thrust was an almost droplet-free region above the flame. The observed cooling of the ceramic burner when the spray was applied was due to decreased radiant emission from the flame as well as deposition and evaporation of droplets entrained into the plume near the burner. The centerline plume temperatures did not change significantly upon application of the spray, at least within the error limits of thermocouple measurements. However, there was a significant decrease in O2 and an increase in CO concentrations along the plume centerline upon application of the spray. An energy balance on the ceramic-plate burner, together with the experimental data, yielded estimates of the water deposition rate on the burner surface.