Citation

Grosshandler WL. Fire Safety J. 1997; 29(2-3): 113-127.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1997, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Past measurements are examined of CO, CO2, H2O, H2, O2, smoke and temperature produced in standard fires of the UL and EN type. Additional measurements just above the heat release zone are suggested to obtain a more complete footprint of each standard fire, and the concept of a universal fire emulator-detector evaluator (FE-DE) is introduced. The objective of the emulator is to produce more well-controlled environments that eliminate the unavoidable run-to-run variations associated with full-scale tests. Numerical fluid dynamic computations are recommended to insert the fire source into the space being protected as a guide for detector placement and to predict system per formance under realistic conditions.