Citation

Theobald C. Fire Safety J. 1981; 4(1): 1-13.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1981, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Measurements of the stability of water jets discharging into air are presented for jets from nominal 12.7 mm diameter nozzles having various internal profiles and contraction angles.Typical stability curves were derived at values for Reynolds number usually associated with turbulent flow. The stability curves indicated a ranking order which was in general agreement with that derived from measurements of range and distribution. A tentative shape factor was also determined for the nozzles used.At an elevation of 35[deg], the maximum height reached by a jet is mainly a function of pressure, whereas maximum range is influenced by pressure, nozzle size, and the profile of the nozzle. A concave nozzle featuring a sudden smooth contraction in flow area from the supply to the outlet consistently produced the best jet in terms of stability, range, and distribution.For straight-sided profiles, one which approached the axis at 30[deg] formed the best all round jet of a series of profiles in which this approach angle was varied in increments of 15[deg].