Citation

Bill RG, Kung HC. Fire Technol. 1993; 29(3): 203-225.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1993, Holtzbrinck Springer Nature Publishing Group)

DOI

10.1007/BF01152107

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

A prototype limited-water-supply (LWS) sprinkler has been developed for manufactured (mobile) homes in a research program sponsored by the United States Fire Administration. The LWS sprinkler is designed to be installed at a 2.44 m (8-foot) spacing and to have a total water supply of 380 litres (100 gallons). The installation spacing was determined in a series of freeburn fire tests that indicated that the heat release rate at sprinkler actuation could be halved by reducing the sprinkler spacing from 3.66 m to 2.44 m (12 feet to 8 feet). A series of eight fullscale fire tests, including a corner living room scenario similar to that used in the Los Angeles Residential Test Program, was conducted to evaluate the performance of the prototype sprinkler. In five of the tests, room tenability was maintained during the 10-minute period following the actuation of a single sprinkler at a flow rate of 38 lpm (10 gpm). In three tests, tenability was maintained with multiple sprinkler actuation (2 or 3 sprinklers) and a total system flow rate of 49 lpm (13 gpm). The spray of the sprinkler was characterized in terms of its water flux distribution and drop size distribution. The thermal sensitivity requirements of the sprinkler are to be based upon RTI, C, and temperature rating, which would ensure that sprinkler actuation would occur at fire sizes comparable to those encountered using the prototype LWS sprinkler in this study.