Citation

Carver CS. Emotion 2004; 4(1): 3-22.

Affiliation

Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA. ccarver@miami.edu

Copyright

(Copyright © 2004, American Psychological Association)

DOI

10.1037/1528-3542.4.1.3

PMID

15053723

Abstract

Does the behavioral approach system (BAS) relate to the experience of any negative affects, or are all negative affects tied to the behavioral inhibition system (BIS)? In Study 1, self-reported Fun Seeking predicted reports of greater frustration and sadness after frustrative nonreward. In Study 2, self-reported Reward Responsiveness predicted reports of greater anger in response to scenarios. In Study 3, self-reported Drive predicted reports of greater anger after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. In no case did BIS sensitivity contribute uniquely to these affects, though BIS predicted nervousness in Study 2 and fear in Study 3. Discussion focuses on the role of frustration and anger in effortful pursuit of goals and depressed affect in disengagement from goals.

Language: en