Citation

Osho O, Owoeye O, Armijo-Olivo S. J. Aging Phys. Act. 2018; 26(2): 304-326.

Affiliation

Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alberta.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2018, Human Kinetics Publishers)

DOI

10.1123/japa.2016-0326

PMID

28771111

Abstract

Fall prevention exercise programs have been reported to be effective in minimizing falls in older adults. However, adherence and attrition in exercise programs remain a challenge. This study reviewed the evidence on how levels of adherence and attrition in fall prevention exercise programs may affect magnitude of effect of fall risk reduction in community-dwelling older adults. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on fall prevention exercise programs for community-dwelling older adults aged 65+ years published between 2005 and 2016 from six databases were undertaken. Twenty articles met inclusion criteria.

RESULTS showed that program adherence >80% may result in greater fall risk reduction compared to lower levels of adherence. A possible inverse relationship exists between attrition levels and effect sizes of fall prevention exercise programs. Future studies should properly report falls/fallers and a consensus on a standardized measure for reporting adherence to fall prevention exercise programs is recommended.

Language: en

Keywords

Effect size; compliance; dose-response; older people