Citation

Koenig BL, van Leeuwen F, Park JH. Evol. Behav. Sci. 2017; 11(1): 16-22.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2017, American Psychological Association)

DOI

10.1037/ebs0000067

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Researchers sometimes aggregate data, such as combining resident data into state-level means. Doing so can sometimes cause valid individual-level data to be invalid at the group level. We focus on cross-race misaggregation, which can occur when individual-level data are confounded with race. We discuss such misaggregation in the context of Simpson's Paradox and identify 4 diagnostic indicators: aggregated rates that correlate strongly with the relative size of one or more subgroup(s), unequal sample sizes across subgroups, unequal rates or mean values across subgroups, and aggregated rates that do not correlate with subgroup rates. To illustrate these diagnostic indicators, we decomposed data on the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) to confirm cross-race misaggregation in Parasite Stress U.S.A., an ostensible index of parasite prevalence known to be confounded with the proportion of African American residents per state. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)

Language: en