Citation

McDaniel LR, Morris C. J. Midwifery Womens Health 2020; ePub(ePub): ePub.

Affiliation

Department of Midwifery, Frontier Nursing University, Hyden, Kentucky.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2020, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1111/jmwh.13092

PMID

32293795

Abstract

Perinatal care providers are likely to encounter adverse events such as intrapartum emergencies, traumatic births, or maternal or fetal deaths. As a result of being directly or indirectly involved in an adverse event, health care providers can be considered second victims. The experience of the second victim phenomenon can lead to significant physical, psychological, and psychosocial sequelae that can negatively impact the provider's personal and professional life for either a short or long duration of time. When health care providers experience an adverse event, they may manifest symptoms of guilt, shame, blame, flashbacks, nightmares, insomnia, isolation, helplessness, and hopelessness, thereby becoming the second victim. Following an adverse event, health care providers who experience second victim phenomenon experience stages of recovery that influence subsequent professional and personal well-being. Persons who experience the second victim phenomenon can incorporate self-care behaviors to assist with recovery. Health care organizations have a responsibility to implement efficacious support programs that promote the provider's recovery and a return to safe and full function in the workplace.

© 2020 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives.

Language: en

Keywords

acute stress disorder; adverse event; peer support; posttraumatic stress disorder; second victim phenomenon; self-care