Citation

Lanfranchi A. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 2021; 15: 667563.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2021, Frontiers Research Foundation)

DOI

10.3389/fnbeh.2021.667563

PMID

34393733

Abstract

In the past decade, two large prospective cohort studies of British and American women have been conducted which found a statistically significant increase in the risk of violent death in ever-users of hormonal contraceptives. Research on the effects of hormonal contraceptives upon the behaviors of intimate partners and on the physiology of women using hormonal contraceptives has provided insight into the possible basis for the resulting increase in violent death. This review examines the changes that are potential contributors to the reported increase.

Language: en

Keywords

intimate partner violence; brain structure; hormonal contraception; human vomeronasal organ; major histocompatibility genes; mate retention behaviors; pheromones; violent death