Citation

Abhari SAA, Sadeghi M, Ardestani SMS, Semnani Y, Mirsepassi G, Sadr SS, Kamaloo A, Ahadi M, Pourmirza B, Mir E. Iran. J. Psychiatry 2013; 8(1): 1-6.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2013, Tehran University of Medical Sciences)

DOI

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PMID

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Bipolar spectrum disorders may often go undiagnosed or unrecognized. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of bipolar disorder symptoms in Iranian patients with a major depressive episode.

METHODS: 313 patients with a current DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th ed. Text rev.) diagnosed with a major depressive episode entered this cross-sectional study. Thirty two items revised Hypomania/ mania Symptoms Checklist (HCL-32) was used to determine the frequency of bipolar episodes.

RESULTS: Considerable proportion of patients (53.9%) previously diagnosed as major depressive disorder fulfilled the criteria for bipolar disorder by Bipolarity Specifier. The Bipolarity Specifier additionally identified significant association for manic / hypomanic states during antidepressants therapy (p<0.0003) and current mixed mood symptoms (p<0.0001) Conclusion: Bipolar symptoms meeting the criteria for bipolar disorders in depressed patients who have not been previously diagnosed with bipolar disorder are frequent. Current DSM criteria may not be sufficient to diagnose more subtle or atypical forms of bipolar disorders.

Language: en

Keywords

adult; human; female; male; bipolar disorder; Bipolar disorder; psychosis; Major depressive disorder; suicide attempt; major depression; comorbidity; Mania; substance abuse; article; major clinical study; questionnaire; antidepressant agent; anxiolytic agent; neuroleptic agent; psychiatrist; cross-sectional study; irritability; Hypomania; mood stabilizer; outcome assessment; Bipolar spectrum; Global Assessment of Functioning; multicenter study (topic); DSM-IV-TR; Bipolarity Specifier; Hypomania Checklist 32