Citation

Pivonello R, Simeoli C, De Martino MC, Cozzolino A, De Leo M, Iacuaniello D, Pivonello C, Negri M, Pellecchia M, Iasevoli F, Colao A. Front. Neurosci. 2015; 9(MAR).

Copyright

(Copyright © 2015, Frontiers Research Foundation)

DOI

10.3389/fnins.2015.00129

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS), a rare endocrine disorder characterized by cortisol hypersecretion, is associated with psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders. Major depression, mania, anxiety and neurocognitive impairment are the most important clinical abnormalities. Moreover, patients most often complain of impairment in quality of life, interference with family life, social and work performance. Surprisingly, after hypercortisolism resolution, despite the improvement of the overall prevalence of psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders, the brain volume loss at least partially persists and it should be noted that some patients may still display depression, anxiety, panic disorders and neurocognitive impairment. This brief review aimed at describing the prevalence of psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders and their characterization both during the active and remission phases of CS. The last section of this review is dedicated to quality of life, impaired during active CS and only partially resolved after resolution of hypercortisolism. © 2015 Pivonello, Simeoli, De_martino, Cozzolino, De_leo, Iacuaniello, Pivonello, Negri, Pellecchia, Iasevoli and Colao.

Language: en

Keywords

human; quality of life; suicidal ideation; prevalence; Cognitive impairment; suicide attempt; major depression; hippocampus; emotional disorder; hopelessness; social adaptation; mental disease; psychological aspect; disease association; neuroleptic agent; family life; hydrocortisone; cognitive defect; disease course; anxiety disorder; sleep disorder; social aspect; panic; weight gain; Quality of life; glucocorticoid; mania; depressive psychosis; hypercortisolism; Psychiatric disorders; brain atrophy; remission; job performance; psychosocial withdrawal; brain size; hormone release; cardiovascular risk; libido disorder; Article; nervous system development; ketoconazole; brain derived neurotrophic factor; Cushing syndrome; psychological well being; therapy effect; mifepristone; decreased appetite; proton nuclear magnetic resonance; nerve growth factor beta subunit; hydrocortisone urine level; metyrapone; Cushing's syndrome; dentate gyrus; hypophysis tumor; Neurological disorders