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Journal Article

Citation

Serretti A, Mandelli L, Lattuada E, Cusin C, Smeraldi E. Psychiatry Res. 2002; 112(3): 195-210.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2002, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00227-5

PMID

12450629

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate demographic, clinical and symptomatologic features of the following mood disorder subtypes: bipolar disorder I (BP-I); bipolar disorder II (BP-II); major depressive disorder, recurrent (MDR); and major depressive episode, single episode (MDSE). A total of 1832 patients with mood disorders (BP-I=863, BP-II=141, MDR=708, and MDSE=120) were included in our study. The patients were assessed using structured diagnostic interviews and the operational criteria for psychotic illness checklist (n=885), the Hamilton depression rating scale (n=167), and the social adjustment scale (n=305). The BP-I patients were younger; had more hospital admissions; presented a more severe form of symptomatology in terms of psychotic symptoms, disorganization, and atypical features; and showed less insight into their disorder than patients in the other groups. Compared with the major depressive subgroups, BP-I patients were more likely to have an earlier age at onset, an earlier first lifetime psychiatric treatment, and a greater number of illness episodes. BP-II patients had a higher suicide risk than both BP-I and MDSE patients. MDSE patients presented less severe symptomatology, lower age at observation, and a higher number of males. The retrospective approach and the selection constraints due to the inclusion criteria are the main limitations of the study. Our data support the view that BP-I disorder is quite different from the remaining mood disorders from a demographic and clinical perspective, with BP-II disorder having an intermediate position to MDR and MDSE, that is, as a less severe disorder. This finding may help in the search for the biological basis of mood disorders.


Language: en

Keywords

Adult; Aged; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Readmission; Personality Inventory; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychopathology; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Suicide

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