Citation

Clemson L, Mackenzie LA, Ballinger C, Close JCT, Cumming RG. J. Aging Health 2008; 20(8): 954-971.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2008, SAGE Publishing)

DOI

10.1177/0898264308324672

PMID

18815408

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to determine the efficacy of environmental interventions in reducing falls in community-dwelling older people. METHOD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials was performed. RESULTS: Pooled analysis of six trials (N = 3,298) demonstrated a 21% reduction in falls risk (relative risk [RR] = 0.79; 0.65 to 0.97). Heterogeneity was attributable to the large treatment effect of one trial. Analysis of a subgroup of studies with participants at high risk of falls (four trials, n = 570) demonstrated a clinically significant 39% reduction of falls (RR = 0.61; 0.47 to 0.79), an absolute risk difference of 26% for a number needed to treat four people. DISCUSSION: Home assessment interventions that are comprehensive, are well focused, and incorporate an environmental-fit perspective with adequate follow-up can be successful in reducing falls with significant effects. The highest effects are associated with interventions that are conducted with high-risk groups.

Language: en