Citation

Inder KJ, Holliday EG, Handley TE, Fragar LJ, Lower T, Booth A, Lewin TJ, Kelly BJ. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017; 14(9): e14091080.

Affiliation

Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. brian.kelly@newcastle.edu.au.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2017, MDPI: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)

DOI

10.3390/ijerph14091080

PMID

28926999

Abstract

Limited longitudinal research has examined relationships between depression and injury, particularly in rural contexts. This paper reports cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses from the Australian Rural Mental Health Study (ARMHS) exploring relationships between "probable depression" episodes and unintentional injury. Participants completed four surveys over five years. Multivariate logistic regressions were employed to assess the causal effect of prior depression episodes on subsequent injury risk. Of 2621 baseline participants, 23.3% experienced a probable depression episode recently and 15.9% reported a serious injury during the previous 12 months. Factors associated with a 12-month injury at baseline included male gender, being unemployed or unable to work, being involved in a serious incident, hazardous alcohol use, and having experienced a recent depression episode. Longitudinal analyses revealed that probable depression was significantly associated with subsequent unintentional injury (OR 1.68, 99%CI 1.20-2.35), as was male gender (OR 1.39, 99%CI 1.06-1.82), while alcohol consumption did not mediate these relationships. Campaigns to reduce the impact of mental illness should consider unintentional injuries as a contributor, while injury prevention initiatives may benefit from addressing mental health issues. Such strategies are particularly important in rural and remote areas where injuries are more common and mental health services are less readily available.

Language: en

Keywords

affective disorder; depression; injury; longitudinal analysis; risk factors; rural mental health