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Citation
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Perren W, Arnold C, Kourantidis K, Simpson B, Balcombe B, Reed N, Chapman S. 27th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV); April 3-6, 2023; Abstract #: 23-0280, pp. 23p. Washington, DC USA: US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2023 open access. |
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Abstract
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27th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV): Enhanced and Equitable Vehicle Safety for All: Toward the Next 50 Years
https://www-esv.nhtsa.dot.gov/Proceedings/27/27ESV-000280.pdf
The UK government are committed to bringing forward legislation to allow the safe and secure deployment of selfdriving vehicles, as set out in the recent policy paper, "Connected and automated mobility 2025: realising the benefits of self-driving vehicles". As part of the Connected and Automated Vehicle Process for Assuring Safety and Security (CAVPASS) programme, TRL was commissioned to propose a concept for assuring the safety of Automated Vehicles (AVs) throughout their operational life. The work involved developing technical, procedural and administrative approaches for safety incident identification, investigation and reporting based on an evidence review of current and proposed in-vehicle datasets, safety metrics and collision investigation methodologies and supported by expert judgment. A Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) and an analysis of domestic traffic rules was conducted to assess the monitoring coverage of relevant risk events. Based on these activities, an overall framework for in-use safety and security monitoring has been proposed. The study identified the need to monitor compliance against the behavioural competencies and safety arguments stated prior to deployment in order to continually assess the performance of the AV and the validity of the safety case during operation. A taxonomy for event classification has been developed to specify events to monitor safety and rules compliance. The study proposes that event-based data capture is the most feasible method of capturing data required to understand event context and causation to enable investigation. A minimum dataset specification has been developed which specifies a set of data metrics and thresholds for event detection as well as the data to be recalled supporting incident investigation. The HARA found that the proposed measures could not cover all safety relevant events and data sources external to data processed by the AV are required. Therefore, a set of operational processes for monitoring have been proposed. A concept for monitoring traffic rules compliance has been introduced whereby AV perception data is processed independently. Analysis of domestic traffic rules identified requirements to record relevant dynamic objects, static objects and AV behaviours to enable monitoring of rules compliance. Processes for in-depth investigation and data analysis have been developed to enable the identification of compliance issues, produce learnings to be shared across the industry, and continuously improve the safety scheme. In-use monitoring data was found to be vital in ensuring accountability of AV safety performance by the manufacturer and contributes to an open and transparent safety culture by enabling just and proportionate regulatory sanctions to be applied. Perren 2 Due to their paucity, data from AV collisions could not be used to base monitoring approaches on. The approach taken in this work was to identify safety monitoring protocols based on known approaches from conventional driving and other transport domains. A principle of continuous improvement was proposed such that the accuracy, quality and relevance of the monitoring framework can be assessed through AV deployment. This independent study proposes a framework for the safety performance assessment of AVs during operation to provide regulatory oversight, accountability and improve public trust in the technology.
Language: en |