Citation

Kallieris D, Mattern R, Schmidt G, Warth D. Proc. IRCOBI 1984; 12: 279-295.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1984, International Research Council on Biomechanics of Injury)

DOI

unavailable

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

A report has been made on the kinematical analysis of cadaver tests, performed on a flat car running upon rolls in two series, simulating frontal impacts with a crash velocity of 50 km/h and a mean deceleration of 20 g. The first series involved 23 test subjects, protected with three-point belts, in driver and passenger position; in the second series, 10 tests with air-bag and knee-bar protected occupants in passenger position were conducted. Caused by the system, there is a fundamentally different kinematic of the head between the two restraint systems. No homogeneous differences of the two restraint systems can be derived from the mean values of the investigated displacements as well as the angular velocity and the angular acceleration. In the three-point belt tests, the injuries may be explained with ante-flexion; in the air-bag knee bar tests with retroflexion. The mean value of the injury severity of the spinal column amounts between AIS 2 and AIS 3 for the three-point belt system and amounts between AIS 1 and AIS 2 for the air-bag knee-bar system. It has been noticed that the angular acceleration does not represent a suitable parameter for the severity of the spinal column injuries with the given collision conditions and the restraint systems; the age represents a much greater influence than the kinematical magnitudes. (Author/TRRL)