Citation

Ullman SE. Crim. Justice Behav. 2007; 34(3): 411-429.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2007, SAGE Publishing)

DOI

10.1177/0093854806297117

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Ullman's review of empirical studies of rape avoidance is updated to illuminate what has been learned in the past 10 years and what is needed to continue to promote this important form of secondary prevention. Following a brief historical review, empirical studies of resistance strategies to sexual assaults since 1997 are reviewed. Studies of the effects of situational factors, rapist types, and victim-offender relationships on women's resistance are included. Selected literature on self-defense training and rape prevention related specifically to women's resistance also are reviewed, as these related areas of research have grown substantially in the past decade and can inform intervention and prevention efforts with women. Recommendations for future research and practice are offered.