Citation

Hunter JV, Wilde EA, Tong K, Holshouser BA. J. Neurotrauma 2012; 29(4): 654-671.

Copyright

(Copyright © 2012, Mary Ann Liebert Publishers)

DOI

10.1089/neu.2011.1906

PMID

21787167

PMCID

PMC3289847

Abstract

This paper identifies emerging neuroimaging measures considered by the inter-agency Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Neuroimaging Workgroup. This paper attempts to address some of the potential uses of more advanced forms of imaging in TBI as well as highlight some of the current considerations and unresolved challenges of using them. We summarize emerging elements likely to gain more widespread use in the coming years, owing to 1) their utility in diagnosis, prognosis, understanding the natural course of degeneration or recovery following TBI, and potential for evaluating treatment strategies, 2) the ability of many centers to acquire these data with scanners and equipment that are readily available in existing clinical and research settings, and 3) advances in software that provide more automated, readily available, and cost-effective analysis methods for large scale data image analysis. These include multi-slice computed tomography (CT), volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetization transfer imaging (MTI), arterial spin tag labeling (ASL), functional MRI (fMRI), including resting state and connectivity MRI, MR spectroscopy (MRS) and hyperpolarization scanning. However, we also include brief introductions to other specialized forms of advanced imaging that currently do require specialized equipment (e.g., single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), encephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG)/magnetic source imaging (MSI). Finally, we identify some of the challenges that users of the emerging imaging CDEs may wish to consider including quality control, performing multi-site and longitudinal imaging studies, and MR scanning in infants and children.

Language: en