Citation

Heideman ML. Urban Ecology 1975; 1(1): 5-47.

Copyright

(Copyright © 1975, Elsevier Publishing)

DOI

10.1016/0304-4009(75)90003-0

PMID

unavailable

Abstract

Planned New Town (Garden City) development provides a major alternative to the usual uncontrolled and uncoordinated conurban development. Tapiola, Finland is a uniquely successful example both as a business enterprise in the free market and in achievement of human biosocial objectives and manifest environmental quality. Its intensive case study indicates that many of its goals and strategies are valid and applicable elsewhere in Finland and other countries. However, inaccurate statements have impugned the reality of its accomplishments. Also, certain national governmental leaders have taken action aimed at forcing the reality of their claims that Tapiola is a unique and transient accident of circumstances rather than a model to emulate. These attacks are explained by recognizable psychological and political dynamics, with practical implications.